Project Management Plan For Weather Delays - 1467 Words

Project Situation The project was on or ahead of schedule during May and June. However, Tropical Storm Cody sat off the coast, and the jobsite was shut down because of wind, lightning, and/or rain for the entire first two weeks of July. (Saint Leo University, 2015) As it was too wet to work on Friday, July 12th, the work was delayed until the following Monday however, the materials for the roof and the framing were ordered and being delivered on Sunday. The supervisor has asked the project manager and the project management team to create a recovery plan to start the drywall work on time by the end of July. That gives you two weeks to do essentially four weeks of work. (Saint Leo University, 2015) For weather delays, your company’s policy is to always pay this additional inspection cost and costs for extra inspections out of general company overhead so as not to impact your project budget. (Saint Leo University, 2015) To make up for the weather delay, you’ve talked with the structural engineer regarding the framing inspection that is required before windows can be installed. (Saint Leo University, 2015) You also talked to the building officials about installing the windows after the inspection of the load bearing wall, and they agreed. (Saint Leo University, 2015) The building department will have to inspect this wall before the windows are installed, but they agreed to do that at 6:00 a.m. on Tuesday, so that allows you to install windows all day Tuesday. (Saint LeoShow MoreRelatedGood Interpersonal Relations And Team Spirits1312 Words   |  6 Pageseffective the â€Å"necessary expertise and resources† must be available (Kerzner, 2013, p. 179). Making sure that the team knows the projects demands aids in forming an effective team. This can be done by clearly defining goals and program objectives (Kerzner, 2013, p.179). An effective team will encompass the characteristics of ob taining involved and supportive top management, along with good program leadership (Kerzner, 2013, p.179). Communication is also an important characteristic of an effectiveRead MoreRisk Management Plan Devry1412 Words   |  6 PagesRISK MANAGEMENT PLAN PROJECT: Re-design County Animal Shelter PROJECT DESCRIPTION SUMMARY: This County is in need of a re-developed animal shelter. My project entails redesigning the local animal shelter by making it more efficient and safer for the shelter animals and staff. The building is over thirty years old and is in need of a lot of reconstruction to make it a safe environment and something that will ensure disease protection to all the animals at the shelter. PROJECT MANAGER: MichaelRead MoreRationale For Project Planning : Project Management1669 Words   |  7 Pages1. Rationale for Project Planning The purpose of project planning is to define major task and estimate resources and times necessary to provide an outline for management review and control. A successful project depends on thorough planning that is done before projects commence. There are several stages to planning a project the first is research as a project manager/Team a brief is usually given and the vital information about the project will be in the brief, so as a team it is important to readRead MoreRisk Management Plan Week 51064 Words   |  5 PagesRisk Management Plan Project Name: Tooth Fairy Dental Project Project Description Summary: This project is to provide a build out of a dental office in Los Angeles. It requires as existing building with new interior infrastructure, negotiations with the Southern Central City of Los Angeles, and coordination with various building contractors, electricians, and supply vendors. Project Manager: Phu, Delia, and Zhe Date: June 10, 2013 Risk Identification My partners and I have made a list ofRead MoreZhou Jianglin Essay1731 Words   |  7 Pagesare the Key Issues faced by Zhou? 1. The Project Budget has been 110 Million, but the Proposal from Postal/Nortel has come for 107.5 million. Including engineering, installation and maintenance, the project is over budget by 37.4 million dollars. 2. Non Availability of in house telecommunications Engg Expertise at JBC which makes them completely dependent on Postal/Nortel which again leads to Risky Situation as far as Short term span of the Project is considered. 3. The director of the ServicesRead MorePlanning And Scheduling Construction For Decades1352 Words   |  6 Pagesindustries has shown overwhelming satisfaction of using the CPM technique for planning and scheduling projects. The first steps in building the CPM technique is the activity list. Activity is defined as task that consumes time and other resources (******) and contributes to the completion of the project. This activity may further be broken down into components depending on the size of the project. Example of activity is ****** Activity is shown by arrow to a node (figure 1).. The next is sequencingRead MoreRisk Management Is The Organized Method1236 Words   |  5 PagesRisk management is the organized method to dealing with the improbability of the future. Risk management pertains to all phases of a project .The process of risk management is to identify and investigate exposures, observe and select risk management methods and last but not least it is there to implement the techniques and monitor the results of the projects â€Å"Risk management provides a structured way of assessing and dealing with future uncertainty† (Cooper, Grey, Raymond, 2005, p. 4). The mainRead MoreRelocation And Merger Of Three Branches Of India Travel Inc.814 Words   |  4 PagesProject Charter Project Name: Relocation and Merger of Three Branches of India Travel Inc., in Mumbai East Date: 21/03/2016 Introduction: India Travel Inc. (ITI) is a company which specializes in escorted luxury and small tour and travel packages for discriminating clients. It operates from three different locations in Mumbai. For the past three years, ITI had been experiencing exceptional growth in this business segment. To take this opportunity to next level, company’s executive team planning toRead MoreConstruction Industry : The Largest Industry Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pagesstakeholders include client, designers, consultants, contractors, construction materials producing factories or supporting industries, etc jointly work together as a system to make construction industry productive. In addition current construction projects needs complex efforts requiring the support of highly professionals of design, engineers and managers, surveyor and other. According Al-Momani (2000) construction sector is one of the vital sectors in the development process that why governmentsRead MoreCritical Path Method ( Cpm ) Technique1450 Words   |  6 Pagesof using the CPM technique for planning and scheduling projects. The first steps in building the CPM technique is the activity list. Activity is defined as a task that consumes time and other resources for completing a project. For example, design and construct a podium is an activity, which may further be broken down into smaller manageable components such as drawing, sail types, podium type and paving depending on the size of the project. Example of an activity is shown by arrow to a node (figure

Romeo as a Tragic Hero Essay - 1536 Words

â€Å"A pair of star-cross’d lovers take their life;† (Prologue, 6) Tragedy, events of great misfortune, has engulfed the world for centuries. Tragedy often giving rise to feelings of depression, anger, sorrow, and guilt. Romeo, in the tragedy, Romeo and Juliet, is a wealthy adolescent of the Montague family. He falls in love with young Juliet, of his rival family—the Capulets. Romeo’s infatuation with Juliet leads to a hasty desire for marriage. This creates a rash and careless mindset, making Romeo susceptible to errors in judgement. This same poor judgment causes Romeo to thoughtlessly slay Tybalt, as revenge for the death of his friend, Mercutio. Through fate, Romeo coincidentally falls in love with a Capulet, his family’s†¦show more content†¦He failed to realize the repercussions of his family’s abandonment, especially since he has abandoned his family for an enemy. This infatuation and haste gives birth to an altered mindset—one â€Å"too rash, too unadvis’d, too sudden,† (II, ii, 118). This mindset causes a loss of self-control. Romeo becomes driven by passions, and ignores reason. It should be noted that passions are found the bottom of the hierarchy of the human soul. This hierarchy states the importance of each guiding sense, and following passion leads to dire consequences—usually death. Romeo’s reckless actions echo throughout the remainder of the play. During a brawl in Verona, Mercutio is slain by Tybalt. Romeo impulsively steps in and challenges Tybalt—claiming that â€Å"either [Tybalt] or [he], or both, must go with [Mercutio].† (III, i, 125). Romeo thoughtlessly engages in combat, hoping either Tybalt or he (Romeo) will die to honour Mercutio. This conflict results in Romeo killing Tybalt. Consequently, Romeo is banished from Verona by Prince Escales. Romeo is similarly hasty in deciding to end his life after discovering Juliet’s supposed death. Moments after poisoning himself and dying, Juliet wakes from her slumber and discovers her dead husband. Romeo’s hamartia proved fatal. However, a great deal of conflict was in-part, the result of chance’s influence. Chance is an unknown and unpredictable series of events that causes a certain end result, and it is sometimesShow MoreRelatedRomeo And Juliet Tragic Hero1306 Words   |  6 PagesIn Shakespeare’s classic play, Romeo and Juliet, the prologue refers to the title characters as â€Å"star-cross’d lovers† with a â€Å"death-mark’d love†, showing that the two are doomed from the start (Shakespeare 3). Being from two opposing families that are in a never-ending feud, Romeo and Juliet s love is forbidden. However, throughout the novel, the lovers defy their parents and pursue their fast-forming love with the help of supporting characters, such as Friar Lawrence, who are seemingly presentedRead MoreRomeo and Juliet Tragic Hero Essay748 Words   |  3 PagesTragedy of Romeo an d Juliet is a play written by William Shakespeare. For a play to be a tragedy there must be a tragic hero. In Shakespeare plays, tragedy is identified as a story that ends unhappily due to the fall of the protagonist, which is the tragic. In this play there are two tragic heroes. Romeo and Juliet are both the tragic heroes. To be a tragic hero they must be from a high estate, have a tragic flaw, and the tragic flaw is the cause of their downfall. A tragic hero must be fromRead MoreThe Tragic Hero in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet Essay761 Words   |  4 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, Romeo is a tragic hero.† This is according to Aristotle’s definition, a tragic hero is a character â€Å"who is neither completely good nor completely bad, but also a member of royalty.† Romeo is a tragic hero because he does many good things, but many bad things, as well. For example, he is a Montague and he marries Juliet, who is a Capulet. This is prohibited, so Romeo is bad. However, Romeo does everything he can to keep Juliet happy and risks his lifeRead MoreRomeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare818 Words   |  3 Pagesgiven credit for the popularizing of tragedies, causing a tragic hero to be seen as a reputable character. In Shakespeare’s story â€Å"Romeo and Juliet,† two ill-fated lovers are caught between the bitter hatred of their two families. Knowing their par ents would never approve, Romeo and Juliet struggle to keep their love a secret. Though the story ends in what most people would view as a tragedy, Romeo fails to meet the characteristics of a tragic hero established by Aristotle, who first created the literaryRead MoreConventions of a Shakespeare Tragedy1189 Words   |  5 Pagesare tragic hero with a tragic flaw, anti-hero, tragic fall, fate, and supernatural. A convention is something in Shakespeare that has a certain effect. The tragic hero always has a tragic flaw. A tragic hero cannot be a hero unless he has a tragic flaw. The tragic flaw brings the downfall of the hero. Othello is the tragic hero, because Othello is a character of nobility. He is good at the beginning but at the end he starts to become evil. ‘‘Othello’s downfall is jealousy (Othello’s Tragic Flaw)Read MoreImpulsiveness In Romeo And Juliet719 Words   |  3 PagesIn Shakespeares tragic play Romeo and Juliet the character of Romeo possess traits that exemplify himself as a tragic hero. Through the play, his impatience and impulsiveness pin him as a Tragic hero. Falling in love too fast, reacting without thinking and bringing down other with himself factors that lead to the downfall of Romeo and prove him as a Tragic hero. When we are first introduced to Romeo in this play he is heartbroken over a woman named Rosaline. In act one scene one Benvolio, is askedRead MoreElements that Make a Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Works Essay1117 Words   |  5 PagesElements that Make a Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Works In all of Shakespeares tragedies, the hero must suffer and in some if not most cases, die. What makes a tragic hero? One has to be a man of high estate: a king, a prince or an officer of some high rank. It was common practice for Shakespeare to tell of his tragic hero through the voices of others around his hero. This way we can understand his conflicts, his struggles, and flaws. Usually the heros own actions and obsessions bringRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1139 Words   |  5 Pagesmixed with immature and impulsive characteristics. The tragic story of Romeo and Juliet, written by the well-known author William Shakespeare centers on a corrupt society and the romance of two young lovers, each a member of one of the feuding families, the Capulets and the Montagues. The importance of wealth, status and pride in society causes each of the family’s to disregard and neglect the new love formed by their immature children, Romeo and Juliet. The neglectful decisions created by the familiesRead MoreTragic Hero in Othelo by William Shakespeare996 Words   |  4 Pagesall very much alike. He has written many plays including Othello and Romeo and Juliet. Shakespear e was a man who wrote plays that followed the same literary conventions. These conventions included tragic hero, fallacy, irony, and also suspense. A tragic hero is a male figure who is high in society and one who always has a tragic flaw. Most of them are rich and intelligent men. In the story of Othello, Othello is the tragic hero. He was a character of nobility. He was a high in class and had highRead MoreGreek Theater: Tragedy Essay941 Words   |  4 Pagesemotions and then purifies or purges it down, it is never created. On the other hand the tragic hero is a man of repute and prosperity who does not hold virtue or justice but undergoes a misfortune due to his own flaw (hamartia). The hero is basically a decent person, neither a villain nor a perfection model. Aristotle says A man cannot become a hero until he can see the root of his own downfall. This tragic flaw is the hero’s own free choice where his death is seen as a human waste. However it

Design Considerations for GUI Design Principles- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theDesign Considerations for GUI Design Principles. Answer: Describe why your design concept was chosen. Discuss design principles you intend to use in your design. Explain why you chose these design principles. Present the minimum amount of information to achieve maximum effect. Simplicity leads to quickly recognized and understood functionality. Less information means less time to process and this can help the user to more quickly produce correct mental models (GALITZ WILBERT, 2007). Simplicity also aids recall because there is less to remember and so easier to recall. Order and structure Structure doesnt occur naturally, it must be explicitly created, designed. People will find order and structure, even if none was intended. Dont just throw elements into a user interface. A design needs to explicitly create the structure. At the back of your head you should consciously consider what placement and arrangement communicates to the user BLAIR-EARLY ZENDER, 2008). Individual elements are associated more strongly with nearby elements than with those further away. For instance, Spacing stars more closely vertically gives an impression of columns; spacing more closely horizontally gives an impression of rows. Discuss your assumptions about who are your users and how they intend to use the mobile app to do the tasks set out in the case study. Our visual system is biased to perceive continuous forms rather than disconnected segments. Elements arranged in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as being more related than elements not on the line or curve. Summaries design decisions Discuss the components resulting in your desired usability goals and user experience goals. There are many design principles that one can consider. Utilizing all these design principles is needed to developing a great presentation. However, being consistent and keeping it simple are most important because it provides the audience a clear and complete understanding of what you are trying to convey (Heim, 2008). Some information do not require visuals because this allows the reader to stay on track with the content of the report and not get lost in the information shown in images. Quality of forum interaction (10 marks) Keeping the design simple is best when you are trying to present key facts. Too many visuals can take the user off in another direction as explained by (Banga, 2011). Dhillon Party Finder login form is made in a way that a user can login by using both Facebook Login and Google Login. A new user is able to click on the sign up button which takes them to a sign up screen where they enter their names, email address and phone number. Once logged in the account section, one has the option to log out, edit their account details, and see their booking history. The Finder option in the account section, one can enter their specifications of what they want to find and click on the find option. Bibliography Banga, C. (2011).IPhone user interface cookbook. Birmingham: Packet Pub. BLAIR-EARLY, A., ZENDER, M. (2008). User Interface Design Principles for Interaction Design.Design Issues.24, 85-107. GALITZ, WILBERT O. (2007).The Essential Guide to User Interface Design: an Introduction to GUI Design Principles and Techniques. Wiley. https://www.myilibrary.com?id=85533. HEIM, S. G. (2008).The resonant interface: HCI foundations for interaction design. Boston, Pearson/Addison Wesley.

Poems of Ogden Nash free essay sample

Examines social human insights in three works on sleep by American humorist Ogden Nash. The purpose of this research is to examine selected poems from three collections by Ogden Nash. The plan of the research will be to set forth the context in which each poetry collection emerged, and then to discuss, by means of comparison and contrast, how the poems reflect both Nashs humor and his strategy of social commentary. In three collections of poetry, Im a Stranger Here Myself, Versus, and You Cant Get There From Here, Nash uses light verse to accomplish the work of insight into certain realities of contemporary human experience. Although Nashs reputation is as an indefatigable American rhymester (Atwood 81), it would be misleading to confine his range of concern to diverting humor. For as a matter of fact, the evidence of the poems is that they are meant to oblige the reader to focus on realities that are not always. We will write a custom essay sample on Poems of Ogden Nash or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .

Varying Viewpoints of Capital Punishment essays

Varying Viewpoints of Capital Punishment essays Capital punishment is an important issue because it deals with life, the value of life, and personal liberties. The death penalty has been in existence for as long as America has been a country. Execution was quite common in the early colonial days, with punishment of death resulting from such crimes as denying the "true God," lying, and stealing. Interestingly enough, the framers of the Constitution did not consider capital punishment cruel and unusual punishment. (Inciardi 488) The death penalty has always been a sensitive subject, sparking debate from all sides. Those who support capital punishment believe that it is a just and fair punishment for murder. They also believe that capital punishment serves as a deterrent for other would-be murderers. Those who oppose capital punishment believe that murder by the state is no different than murder on the street. They believe that lifetime prison sentences are fair justice. However, abolitionists have always maintained that the death penalty is wrong. In 1972, the Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty was "unconstitutional because it was being administered in an arbitrary and capricious manner" (White 131). It is not cruel and unusual punishment because it "achieves to important social purposes, retribution and deterrence" (132). In fact, the majority of Americans considers the death penalty an acceptable means of punishment and 35 states practice it. (Death Liberals favor equality over freedom and oppose any government involvement that restricts individual liberties. They approve of government action that promotes equality among individuals. In regards to capital punishment, liberals feel that executing a murderer is a form of harsh punishment. Liberals favor the death penalty with 37 percent and 60 percent would rather see murderers serve life sentences in prison. (Death ...

How to spell in lieu of

How to spell in lieu of How to spell in lieu of How to spell in lieu of By Maeve Maddox Whenever I come across an unusual misspelling, I do a search to see how common it is. This misspelling of in lieu of caught my attention: †¦so i can run keynote in leu of having to use powerpoint. A Google search for in leu of brought up about 23,600,000 hits. The bank is asking if we would like to do a deed in leu of foreclosure. I was told I could take jail time in leu of the fine. Hair flower in leu of a veil Anyone ever use duct tape in leu of rim tape? How long can I leave potatoes in the ground? (in leu of storage) To be fair, most of these examples are from forums and comments. Google does ask Did you mean in lieu of? The expression came into English from French en lieu de, in place of, from the Latin phrase in loco, in place of. Our English word instead is a calque of these foreign expressions. It was written as two words, in stead, until the 17th century. Stead means place, as in homestead. Bottom line: If youre not sure how to spell in lieu of, you can use instead of instead. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:15 Terms for Those Who Tell the FutureThe Parts of a Word20 Movies Based on Shakespeare Plays

Organisational Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 5

Organisational Behaviour - Essay Example mance that works as a motivating factor for employee productivity, and also ensuring that the management is able to plan and also control the manner in which activities are carried out in the organization. In the case of Alleco, the organization has been effective in choosing the most appropriate way of performing the marketing activities. It is true that if the organization disregards wholesalers through selling its products directly to the final consumers, it is likely that the wholesalers may not find reason for stocking these commodities. This relationship with wholesalers and creation of awareness amongst consumers is significant in maintaining high sales volumes. Salaries are some of the motivating factors for employee productivity. It helps in retaining skilled workers and attracting professionals in to the organization. In terms of determining who is to receive a bonus when an organization achieves its targets, it is important to consider all the employees who played a role in facilitating the organization’s accomplishments (Edwards p 79). Giving bonuses to the senior management alone demoralizes the rest of the workers, which lowers their overall productivity. The organizations that maintain happy employees usually achieve their targets sooner than those that disregard their efforts. Workers with an optimistic attitude more often than not take pleasure in the work that they do and feel encouraged and acknowledged for their participation. That worker who is not contented and does not in actual fact get pleasure from the work, but is basically working for a take-home pay generally produces at a low level. Such a worker develops a negative outlook and normally pulls others down. The productivity of a worker is dependent on his rapport with his direct manager (Chapman 2007 pp. 21-24). Health issues for the employees and their families are vital for their productivity. Unhealthy employees are generally unhappy and distressed. Poor health is naturally a

Human resources case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human resources - Case Study Example 115). Joan has her hands full in this scenario because she suspects that Fred is sabotaging work to make Joan look bad. As the director Joan should immediately confront Fred about his improper behavior. If Fred denies the wrongdoing then Joan should document the meeting and take the matter her superiors in order to discuss a possible termination of Fred’s contract because Fred has become a liability for the company and an employee who is not trustworthy. Sometimes people claim that they are racial discriminated at work. Discrimination is a serious offence that is not acceptable in the workplace. In this case study a woman, Ruth Wittman, claims she was fired due to racial discrimination. The employer of the woman claims that the woman was fired due to a horrible record of absenteeism and tardiness. The bank must show the EEOC all the evidence of all the times Ruth was absent and late during her two years at the company. Due to the fact that the bank claims Ruth had the worse track record of absenteeism and tardiness the bank must proof with written documentation that this claim is true. If I was the EEOC director my decision would be to disregard the claim made by Ruth. First of all the evidence shows she was late and absent more than any other employees. It is common for people that do not show up to work or show up to work late to be fired. The claim that she was given more workload than others is potentially false since the compan y gives work out randomly. If the firm has a no talking with other workers policy the employees should abide by the rules. Jack Otto is the supervisor of a store fixture manufacturing company. He is a dedicated employee, but he is facing a tough challenge with one of his welders, Bob Hill. Bob has always had a bit of absenteeism problem and is often late to work. Lately his tardiness has gotten

The Arab Spring Uprising Essay Example for Free

The Arab Spring Uprising Essay While each country fights for individual basic rights, which are usually area specific, there are a few rights every country is protesting against including government corruption, economic decline, unemployment and abject poverty. Role of Technology Many have speculated on the role of technology and the use of social media in the uprisings of the ‘Arab Spring’, with some going so far as to conjecture the role of technology in the revolutions’ communication and collaboration is unprecedented. West, 2011) The mostly educated and unemployed youth of these countries were at the heart of many of these conflicts and actively used social media sites like Twitter and Facebook to coordinate with fellow protestors in a quick and efficient fashion. (Democratist, 2011) The use of these social networks gave the protestors the ability to share times amp; locations with large groups instantly and allowed them to present a much more organized front than was previously imagined possible. International news sites like Al-Jazeera and Wikileaks provided protestors with the ability to acquire much needed outside news from media not owned by the country’s government and gave protestors the ability to communicate with the world about their trials and triumphs. Internet usage was not always freely allowed by these countries and in the midst of their revolution, President Mubarak’s government cut off internet accessibility throughout most of Egypt for a period of time. Tunisia After what is believed to have been the catalyst for the uprising known as ‘Arab Spring’, Tunisia’s own uprising began in December, 2010 after merchant, Mohamed Bouazizi, caught himself on fire in the middle of Sidi Bouzid to protest police corruption in the country. Not long after that, thousands of civilians began to take to the streets calling for the resignation of then-President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali and democratic reform. According to Tunisian government records, approximately 223 people were killed as a direct result of the protests. After 28 days of protests and international media attention, President Ben Ali abdicated his power, fled the country to Saudi Arabia, and his government was removed from power shortly afterward. Since the revolution, the county has had its share of continued protests, held its first semi-democratic elections in over 20 years and has put an interim government into power. Egypt Formed shortly after the Tunisian uprising, Egypt’s own upheaval began on January 25th, 2011 and lasted a full 18 days before wrenching the autocratic President Mubarak and his government from power. During these 18 days, Egypt saw a flood of protests take place around the country and most notably within Cairo’s Tahrir Square; these protests quickly took a turn for the violent with protestors frequently ramping up between Mubarak supporters and the oppositions. Though Mubarak at first refused to step down from the presidency, after international pressure and an escalation of violent protests, he announced on February 10th that he would step down and hand over his presidency to the vice president. In the last year however, protests have continued at the perceived sluggishness of the new governing forces to bring much needed economic and social reforms to the country. Yemen Initially started as a protest over changes to the constitution, corruption and prevalent unemployment, Yemen’s revolution brought with it the ousting of President Saleh. Embattled President Saleh long faced opposition from his inner cabinet from as early as 2009 over governmental corruption, as well as poor social and economic conditions in the country. Protests started on January 27, 2011 and raged for over a year before, after an attempt on his life in June, 2011, President Saleh fled the country and Vice-President al-Hadi took over the governing of Yemen. In February of 2012, Saleh stepped aside and allowed the newly elected President Abd al-Rab Mansur al-Hadi to maintain governance within the country. Amid the recent firings of the deposed President’s inner circle, Ali Abdullah Saleh denounced the revolutions taking place around the Arab world and suggested that peace may not be found easily in Yemen. (Associated Press, 2012) Libya What began as a protest over the conditions for civilian living and corruption, quickly gained steam and formed in a civil bloody war, pitting so-called rebels against those loyal to the current President Qaddafi. After more than 40 years of power, Qaddafi found himself at the helm of a battle for his very Presidency and the nation’s government. Citizens of Libya gained hope from the outcome of Tunisian revolution and six months after the first protests, Colonel Qaddafi was killed by rebel forces; the country was declared liberated from his reign not long after. The revolution in Libya was supported in part by a United States backed coalition which provided air support to the Libyan rebel forces and helped bring an end to the bloodshed and oppression. (The New York Times, 2012) Libya’s fight for independence and liberty, one of the bloodiest in recent memories, has not ended in peace for the Libyan people yet. In 2012, a solid and unifying government has yet to gain control and the country has been broken up into semi-autonomous states with militias governing individual areas. Similar Timing, Different Solutions While there are some similar themes which flow through each revolution, including the timing and as the prevalence of educated, yet unemployed youth protestors, the systems of governments being protested against and the solutions for change vary widely from country to country, as author Lisa Anderson reminds readers in Demystifying the Arab Spring (2011). Since Tunisia’s government, before the revolution, was made up, in large part, by relatives to ousted-President Ben Ali, the country has seen continued unrest as demands for a total change in regime continue and the new government will face virtually starting from scratch in terms of government officials. Egypt, while also carrying a tradition of familial government, in contrast to Tunisia has a powerful military which aided in the circumvention of power from Hosni Mubarak. In direct contrast to Tunisia and Egypt’s relatively smooth transitions from power, Libya became a country at the heart of a civil war with a leader who was determined not to lose power. After Qaddafi’s death, the country’s rebel led coalition has had to begin the process of rebuilding a country torn apart by a bloody war. In the past two year, the world has seen a string of uprisings, dubbed the ‘Arab Spring’, which are really unrelated as a whole and yet contingent upon one another. Without the success of Tunisia’s revolution would Libya, Egypt, or Yemen’s citizens risen up? Personally, I think so. But I also believe the revolutions have fueled one another and the successes and failures of some are felt by the many. While the ‘Arab Spring’ carries on, with countries like Bahrain and Syria still fighting for their freedom and for governmental change, it is easy to see there is a long road of recovery ahead for this region of the world. References Anderson, L. (2011, June).

Animal Testing is Unethical Essay -- Ethics

"There will come a day when such men as myself will view slaughter of innocent creatures as horrible a crime as the murder of his fellow man- Our task must be to free ourselves- by widening our circle of compassion to embrace all living creatures and the whole nature and its beauty." -Albert Einstein (1879-1955). Picture this: You're locked living inside a closet without control over any aspect of your life. You can't choose when you eat or what you eat, how you will spend your time, whether or not you will have husband or wife or children, and if you do, who that person will be. You can't even decide when the lights go on and off. Think about spending your entire life like this, even though you didn't do anything wrong or commit a crime. This is life in a laboratory for animals. It is deprivation, isolation, and misery. Now think about the needs of the animals that are caged up and stripped away from their natural homes. For example, chimpanzees spend hour's everyday grooming each other feeding their young and providing a comfortable environment for them to live in. They are loving protective parents and when they are taken away from their homes, they leave behind their children and the chimpanzees are no longer in their comfortable nests, but caged up alone and with cold, steel bars around them for the primary purpose of being experimented on (Baird, 1991). Not a nice picture right? But this is just one example of what most of the animal have to go through. I argue that animals have rights and should not be treated unfairly. Around the world, millions of animals are experimented on, tortured, and killed every year. Many of these animals range from simple household pets, such as cats and ... ...ed, the contribution you had made to cease animal testing will create an immense feeling of satisfaction. Animal Testing 7 References Baird, Robert & Stuart Rosenbaum. (1991). Animal Experimentation: The Moral Issues. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books. Monamy, Vaughn (2000). Animal Experimentation: A Guide to the Issues. Cambridge United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press Wise, Stephen (2000). Rattling the Cage. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Perseus Publishing Animal Testing 101. Retrieved on November 1, 2006 from http://stopanimaltests.com/animaltesting101asp. How are animals treated in laboratories? Retrieved on October 31, 2006 from http://www.animalland.org/asp/realissues/testing4.asp Animal Experimentation: Point Counterpoint. Retrieved on November 1, 2006 from http://stopanimaltests.com/f-pointcounterpoint.asp

What You Have Learned About Why We Assess Young Children

Consider what you have learned about why we assess young children. Based on pages 31–33 of  Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning  and the video segment â€Å"Overview of Assessment†,† briefly explain the importance of developmentally appropriate assessments. ANS: There are different importance of developmentally appropriate assessments that I learned from our text. As a teachers we can not assume every age are the same or makes an assumption about their development and learn style.It is very important to identify which area each child need special help and set a goal on how we can help them out. Assessment help teachers to set a goal for each child in their care. Assessment information can used as communication log in a meeting with other staffs or with parent in a conference. Policymakers, the early childhood profession, and other stakeholders in young children's lives have many shared responsibilities regarding effective assessment (NAEYC & NAEC/SDE, 2003, p. 4).Using the information presented on pages 3–6 of Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning, explain the responsibilities of each of these groups in ensuring effective assessment. ANS: As a professional child care our responsibilities to ensure an effective assessment is to identify the make issue that we are trying to help each child on. Set a goal and programs that can help to improve their literacy and development. After the assessment teachers should use the appropriate assessment methods on each child.Share their results with the children, their parent and others staffs. Also as the text stated â€Å" developing valid pupil grading procedures which use pupil assessment. Parent,policy makers and the general public; with the accountability are expected to report their procedures and they are sensitive to children progress make sure children do well on their accountability tests. The test to this result are available to e veryone from teachers, parent to general public.Professionals must have detail information to present to other for children with special needs. Teachers must be sensitive to children from different culture because their ways are different from United States systems. Most children are going to have their first experience in speaking English in their classroom among their peers and their caregiver. Assessment must be done in the right way to achieve the right goal for each child in our care. Each child approaches, interacts, and processes their world in unique ways.Effective assessment takes this uniqueness into account through sensitivity to individual abilities and linguistic, social, and cultural differences. Review pages 18–23 of  Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning, and explain, using examples, why sensitivity to each of these factors is such an important component of effective assessment. Then, summarize the role fair and impartial assessment plays in achieving this sensitivity. ANS: The reason why each of these factors on assess all children fairly is because children with disabilities are special in their own ways.Even though they may not fit in the category of their peers but they are still required to be challenges and have the right activities put in place for them. Other other hand many children here in United States are from diverse homes. And as a teacher we must be sensitive to children culture and their belief and value. Children that comes from different background from us may speak different from us and act in a different way, but we should judge them and understand everyone act and do things differently. Because culture influence the way children thinks, the way they interact with people around them.Example: in Nigeria we are taught to always response to people that are older than us as â€Å"yes, ma'am† to never ague with adult is a way to show respect. Assessment information help teachers to identi fy which areas children needs help and it can be used as communication tools among staffs or other professional child care. However right assessment method must be use on each child to achieve the right information that I needed for each child. Reference Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning

A Separate Piece; Guilty or Not

Bertrand Russell said, â€Å"Envy is one of the most potent causes of unhappiness. It is a universal and most unfortunate aspect of human nature because not only is the envious person rendered unhappy by his envy, but also wishes to inflict misfortune on others. † This is displayed perfectly in A Separate Piece by John Knowles, where green with envy, Gene jounces the limb in hopes to hurt Phineas. He is jealous of Phineas’ charisma, upset that Phineas keeps putting him into situations he doesn’t want to be in, and Gene also knows he isn’t as good a person as Phineas.Not only is Phineas impulsive and daring, he is also very charismatic. Gene is jealous of Phineas’ charisma and ability to talk himself out of trouble. As Gene states in chapter two, â€Å"I was beginning to see that Phineas could get away with anything. I couldn’t help envying him that a little, which was perfectly normal. There was no harm in envying even your best friend a lit tle,† (Gene, 19). â€Å"He had gotten away with everything. I felt a sudden stab of disappointment,† (Gene, 22). In both cases above, Gene himself states that he is envious of Phineas and is disappointed that Phineas didn’t get into trouble.Phineas’ charisma not only causes jealousy in Gene, but also puts him into possibly harmful situations. Phineas always shames Gene into doing something Gene doesn’t want to do. On top of that, Phineas, on occasion, puts Gene into harm’s way, with or without knowing it. â€Å"Yes, he had practically saved my life. He had also practically lost it for me. I wouldn’t have been on that damn limb except for him. I wouldn’t have turned around, and so lost my balance, if he hadn’t been there,† (Gene, 26). â€Å"Then in the everyday, mediocre tone he used when he was proposing something really outrageous, he added, â€Å"Let’s go to the beach. The beach was hours away by bicycle , forbidden, and completely out of bounds. Going there risked expulsion, destroyed the studying I was going to do for an important test the next morning, blasted the reasonable amount of order I wanted to maintain in my life, and it also involved the kind of long, labored, bicycle ride I hated,† (Gene, 38). These two examples show that Phineas can talk Gene into doing something he doesn’t want to do, as well as things that can later harm Gene, such as climbing the tree, or get him into trouble, such as going out of grounds.Phineas may or may not be trying to hurt Gene or get him into trouble, but none the less, it is always a possibility with the schemes Phineas comes up with. Even though Phineas is putting Gene into dangerous situations he is still a better person than Gene. Gene knows that Phineas is a better person than he is. â€Å"He was never going to accuse me. It was only a feeling he had, and at this moment he must have been formulating a new commandment in hi s personal Decalogue: Never accuse a friend of a crime if you only have a feeling he did it,† (Gene, 58).Gene, of course, being impulsive as he is, would accuse Phineas of something even if he only has a feeling. â€Å"He had never been jealous of me for a second. Now I knew that there never was and never could have been any rivalry between us. I was not of the same quality as he,† (Gene, 52). Gene who has stated before that he was jealous of Phineas realizes in the quote above that he isn’t as good a person as Phineas because Phineas was never jealous of Gene, nor did he ever want a rivalry between the two of them, as Gene thought he did. Of course, some people may think that Gene wouldn’t push Phineas out of the tree, as they are best friends.Well, let me ask this, would someone accuse their best friend of trying to destroy something they were better at? â€Å"Finny had deliberately set out to wreck my studies. That explained blitzball, that explained t he night meetings of the Super Suicide Society, that explained his insistence that I share all his diversions,† (Gene, 46). Gene does just this in the above quote. Without any real evidence of such, Gene believes that Phineas is trying to destroy his studies, the one thing he is better than Phineas at. One would not go around accusing their best friend of trying to destroy something they were better at.Now, Phineas may believe they are best friends, â€Å"I hope you’re having a pretty good time here. I know I kind of dragged you away at the point of a gun, but after all you can’t come to the shore with just anybody and you can’t come by yourself, and at this teen-age period in life the proper person is your best pal, which is what you are,† (Phineas, 40-41). Yet, Gene says nothing. In fact, he admits he may have been stopped by his subconscious telling him Phineas isn’t his best friend, though he is Phineas’. â€Å"I should have told him then that he was my best friend also and rounded off what he had said.I started to I nearly did. But something held me back. Perhaps I was stopped by that level of feeling, deeper than thought, which contains the truth,† (Gene, 41). I’ll give everyone the fact that one would probably never cause harm to their best friend on purpose, but with the evidence I have brought up, does it seem like Phineas is Gene’s best friend? Not really. Gene himself states that he is envious of Phineas and is disappointed when Phineas gets away with everything. Along with that, Phineas put Gene in danger of falling out of the very tree Phineas does, for Gene wouldn’t have been up there if it wasn’t for Phineas.Phineas also puts him at risk of being expelled by insisting they go to the beach. Gene, who accuses Phineas of trying to destroy his studies due to jealousy without any real proof, realizes Phineas would never accuse Gene of something based on a feeling, and besides, Gene admits that he realizes Phineas is not jealous of him. Gene also realizes that though he may have thought there to be some rivalry between them, there isn’t for he was not of the same quality of Phineas. With these reasons, it is clearly evident that Gene pushed Phineas out of the tree because of jealousy.

North Korea Nuclear Issue

North Korea Nuclear Issue In June 2009, the regime in North Korea declared that it would transform its plutonium stockpiles into nuclear weapons in response to the latest round of sanctions imposed by the UN Security Council to punish Pyongyang for going ahead with its nuclear testing programmes (MacAskill para. 1). Although analysts perceive the nuclear issue as an artificial crisis developed by North Korea for the objective of blackmailing the West, all indicators point to the fact that Pyongyang’s nuclear threat is real.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on North Korea Nuclear Issue specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The regime is believed to be in possession of sufficient plutonium for at least six deadly nuclear bombs. Also, the regime is believed to be in possession of an estimated 8,000 spent fuel rods that could facilitate the harvesting of 6-8kgs of plutonium if they are reprocessed (MacAskill para. 10). According to nuclear analysts, this quantity is enough to manufacture one nuclear bomb. This paper purposes to discuss the threats posed by North Korea’s nuclear material, the basis of a rational settlement between the US and the regime, and the role of Japan and China in the whole process. A possible Nuclearization of North Korea will have a negative consequence on the whole of Asia. The prospects of nuclear armed North Korea will definitely pose a major hazard to South Korea, in addition to offering the regime a chance to enhance its policy of communizing the south (Evans para. 31). Allowing North Korea to arm itself with nuclear weapons may indeed occasion a nuclear domino outcome in the whole of Northeast Asia as other countries within the region may also want to arm themselves with nuclear weapons to counter or neutralize Pyongyang’s nuclear capacity. Such an arrangement will inarguably threaten world peace, in addition to putting the entire Asian region in the whirlpool of a nuclear arms race. This would definitely lead to a nuclear proliferation cascade in the region due to the fact that countries such as Japan, South Korea and Taiwan will be offered the incentives to arm themselves with nuclear weapons. Given the nature and temperament of leaders in the regime, a nuclear armed North Korea will definitely occasion aggressive activities, further destabilizing the Northeast region in particular and the whole world in general (Barry 41). Finally, if the regime in North Korea disintegrates or is toppled when in possession of nuclear arsenal, the world peace will be undeniably threatened by the loose nuclear weapons which may find their way into renowned terrorist networks such as the Taliban and alQaeda.Advertising Looking for research paper on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many Analysts believe that a suitable settlement between the US and North Korea on the nuclear issue cannot be achie ved by taking hard-line stances or branding the regime in North Korea ‘an axis of evil’ as former US president George Bush once said during his State of The Union address (Evans para. 42). Also, a peaceful solution to the issue cannot be realized by criminalizing North Korea’s nuclear activities, and thereby seeking for blanket punishment. One of the most viable options in the quest of finding a long-lasting solution to the nuclear issue is the use of dialogue and diplomacy. Bilateral consultations between the US and the defiant North Korea as well as multilateral consultations between the US and North Korea’s neighbours in Northeast Asia will definitely bring results (Sang-Jin 12). Some critics may want to point out that such talks have been tried before and failed. Comprehensive research reveals that these bilateral and multilateral talks fail since stakeholders, especially the US, goes into the talks with a predetermined course of action (Barry 41). Thi s should be discouraged since the talks must be flexible and appealing to both sides. To secure the world peace, the nuclear issue pitying the US and North Korea should be solved through a give-and-take framework (Barry 41). Incentives and disincentives should be used rather than threats of military intervention to ensure the North Korean regime stops its nuclear ambitions. The role of China and Japan in the peaceful resolution of the nuclear issue is both critical and urgent. China, for instance, has more communication conduits with the North Korean regime than any other country as it supplies it with food and fuel (Evans para. 50). As such, China can be influential in convincing the regime to surrender its nuclear ambitions in exchange of incentives such as financial and technological aid. Beijing’s proactive diplomacy can be constructively used to resolve the impending destructive crisis (NTI para. 4). This is because China has played the role of an arbiter to the crisis, and is averagely respected by the generals in Pyongyang. During times when the nuclear issue seems to get out of control, China has always found a way of appealing to both the US and Pyongyang to exercise restraint and flexibility, not mentioning the fact that it has been at the forefront in arranging tripartite meetings between the US, North Korea and Beijing to discuss the issue.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on North Korea Nuclear Issue specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Japan’s role in the whole process cannot be underestimated. Although Japan has a direct interest in the whole issue due to its captured people during the cold war (Parry para. 3), it has continued to normalize its relationship in ways that would contribute to the wellbeing, peace and stability of the region. Japan has indeed hosted several bilateral and multilateral meetings while pursuing active diplomacy instead of blatant threats to ensure that an amicable solution is found. Barry, M.P. North Korea Requires Long-Term Strategic Relationship with the US. International Journal on World Peace, 24:37-41. Evans, L. Two Panels Debate U.S. – North Korea Nuclear Options. UCLA Asia Institute. 2003. Web. MacAskill, E. North Korea Declares all-Out Push for Nuclear Weapons. The Guardian. 2009. Web. NTI. China and the North Korean Nuclear Issue. 2003. Web. Parry, R.L. North Korea’s Nuclear Deal Leaves Japan Feeling Nervous. Times Online. 2005. Web. Sang-Jin, S. Chinese role in solving the DPRK’s Nuclear Programme: A Korean Perspective. 2004. Web.Advertising Looking for research paper on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Presidents of the US - Worksheets and Coloring Pages

Presidents of the US - Worksheets and Coloring Pages Presidents | First Ladies | Presidential Elections | Inauguration Printables Learn about the Presidents of the United States with these free printable Presidents worksheets and coloring pages. George Washington, 1789-1797 John Adams, 1797-1801 Thomas Jefferson, 1801-1809 James Madison, 1809-1817 James Monroe, 1817-1825 John Quincy Adams, 1825-1829 Andrew Jackson, 1829-1837 Martin Van Buren, 1837-1841 William Henry Harrison, 1841 John Tyler, 1841-1845 James Knox Polk, 1845-1849 Zachary Taylor, 1849-1850 Millard Fillmore, 1850-1853 Franklin Pierce, 1853-1857 James Buchanan, 1857-1861 Abraham Lincoln, 1861-1865 Andrew Johnson, 1865-1869 Ulysses S. Grant, 1869-1877 Rutherford Birchard Hayes, 1877-1881 James Abram Garfield, 1881 Chester Alan Arthur, 1881-1885 Grover Cleveland, 1885-1889 Benjamin Harrison, 1889-1893 Grover Cleveland, 1893-1897 William McKinley, 1897-1901 Theodore Roosevelt, 1901-1909 William Howard Taft, 1909-1913 Woodrow Wilson, 1913-1921 Warren Gamaliel Harding, 1921-1923 Calvin Coolidge, 1923-1929 Herbert Clark Hoover, 1929-1933 Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 1933-1945 Harry S. Truman, 1945-1953 Dwight David Eisenhower, 1953-1961 John Fitzgerald Kennedy , 1961-1963 Lyndon Baines Johnson, 1963-1969 Richard Milhous Nixon, 1969-1974 Gerald Rudolph Ford, 1974-1977 James Earl Carter, Jr., 1977-1981 Ronald Wilson Reagan, 1981-1989 George Herbert Walker Bush, 1989-1993 William Jefferson Clinton, 1993-2001 George Walker Bush, 2001-2009 Barack Hussein Obama, 2009-

Constitutional Issues Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Constitutional Issues - Term Paper Example Her participation in this peaceful demonstration was more than moral—it was admirable and spirited and patriotic. There is an infringement of constitutional privileges of Lisa thus she stands a chance of getting legal remedy from courts. The court is one organ that must ensure the constitution is adhered to and respected by all. To extent, NRP events do not warranty constitutional uproar. This is because according to the NPR spokeswoman Anna Christopher; Simeone actions were against NPR's morals code. The code provides that "NPR journalists may not partake in marches and rallies" concerning issues NPR covers. The code notes that some requirements may not concern to outside providers. It uses an outworker who principally contributes arts reporting as an example. In the precedent year, NPR has come under inquiry for its dismissal of news forecaster Juan Williams after he supposed on Fox News that he was challenging on a plane with somebody wearing clothing that spots them as Mus lim. At the moment, NPR said William’s remarks violated its code of ethics by engaging in media "that support punditry and rumor rather than fact-based investigation." The system has been sensitive to allegations that it carries an open-minded bias. An NPR chief administrative was forced to quit; after a conventional activist posted a film online of NPR's chief charity performance, complaining about the tea party's pressure on the Republican Party. The case is a code of ethics verses constitution freedom. What is in the text of the Constitution that gives the Supreme Court authority under the Constitution to review an act of Congress? Section 2 of the constitution grants the Supreme Court unique jurisdiction in cases involving ambassadors, congress and consuls. It is true that the constitution grants that we have the right of free speech, however, that right is not unrestricted. It has frequently been curtailed in situations which generate a danger to others and when the comm unication defames others; as declared in libel and slander laws. This law, however, does not advocate infringing free speech; it advocates that our voted officials utilize their free speech rights in a responsible manner. What constitutional doctrine gives the Court the power to interpret whether the act is a valid exercise of Congressional power? In some cases, the Supreme Court has merely appellate jurisdiction that may be checked by the Congress. The legislative body may not, however, alter the Court's original jurisdiction, as was established in Marbury v. Madison, 5 United States Cranch 1803; the same verdict which established the code of judicial review. Marbury apprehended that Congress can neither increase nor restrict the inventive jurisdiction of the Supreme courtyard (Epstein, Walker & Thomas, 2007, pp 451). However, the appellate authority of the Court is diverse. The Court's appellate authority is given "with such exemptions, and under such system as the Congress shall constitute. What is in the text of the Constitution that may be argued to give Congress the power to enact the health care law? A provision of the foundation recognized as the â€Å"commerce clause† offers Congress power to â€Å"control commerce among the numerous states.† There is a long stripe of Supreme Court decisions making that Congress has wide power to enact laws that considerably affect prices, market locations,

Policy proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Policy proposal - Essay Example As such, in order to proactively meet this challenge, it is the responsibility of the respective police department to not only retain a zero tolerance policy as has been exhibited in the University of Arizona’s police manual/handbook, but also to actively engage key shareholders within the university to work to educate and inform based on the unique threat that such incidents place on everyone involved in the university environment. It is therefore the recommendation of this brief analysis that the University of Arizona’s Police Department should engage in actively raising awareness among both faculty and staff with regards to the threats that exist as well as what efforts can be made on behalf of the community to reduce the threats that exist as a function of weapons safety and violation. It goes without saying that our current era has seen a drastically increased incidence of gun related university incidents. From the horrors of what happened at the Virginia Tech, the University of Alabama professor who shot and killed three of his colleagues during a faculty meeting, the Northern Illinois University incident involving the shooting death of 5 graduate students, and our very own University of Arizona School of Nursing incident in which 3 professors plus the gunman was killed. All of these incidents have taken place within the past 15 years and represent a vast increase in the number and severity of mass murder perpetrated within the university environment. Accordingly, a zero tolerance policy alone is not sufficient to provide deterrence to such acts of horror. Although it is incumbent upon other entities within the university setting to broach this topic with students via orientation programs and introductions to university etc., it is also incumbent upon the University Police Department to become closely involved with the student and faculty in eliciting their support and help with minimizing threats that are faced by all as a

Contract and procurement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 11500 words

Contract and procurement - Essay Example The contractor is to carry out the work diligently without breaking any items or facilities of the company. The facilities are then neatly arranged in Site B just the same way they were in Site A. given Site A had a 1000 square meters of office space and Site B is 1600 square meters of office space, the facilities should be adjusted to fit the stated space.Location of work  The whole contract will be performed within the two premises. There will be a physical movement from Site A to Site B. however, the meeting with the contractor will take place in Site A where headquarter was initially based. This is where the signing of the contract will take place. The physical location of Site B is situated four kilometers from Site A, so the distance to be covered while moving the facilities will be considered in the contract.Period of performance  The contract will have to be performed within a specified time. As a company, we need a fast relocation of within two weeks inclusive of the pla nning of activities and executing them. Daily work will start from 8am in the morning and ends at 4pm in the evening in order to allow for preparation for the next day’s work and also to avoid loss of items of the company. In practice, there will only be 8 working hours allowed in a day for the contract. The billing will also be done based on the number of hours worked in a day. Any other activity scheduled will have to be performed within the working hours allocated.The company expects a relocation service to be performed by the contractor. Generally, we expect the whole headquarter moved to Site B. some of the particulars to be moved include: the 15 desks in the current company; three sofas, three coffee tables, ten arm chairs; 15 computers; between 120 to 160 cardboard boxes; and 34 framed pictures. Every company item should be moved at intervals beginning with desks, computers, cardboard boxes, and framed pictures. The time allowable has been stated above.

ACQUISITION OF JAGUAR AND LAND ROVER

ACQUISITION OF JAGUAR AND LAND ROVER In a changing world the only constant is change. The world hates change but, yet it is the only thing that has brought progress. Charles Kettering (Brainquotes.com) Change is a pervasive influence. We are all subject to continual change of one form or another. Change is an inescapable part of both social and organizational life. (Mullins, 2007:909) Organisational change means significant alteration in any one or more of the tasks, techniques, structures and people of the organization. (Saiyadain, 2003:174) Change is introduced either to improve effectiveness or to adapt to external changes. Managers face complex and challenging pressures and opportunities while introducing change in an organization. They must ensure the efficient use of resources and, at the same time, find ways of guaranteeing the long-term effectiveness of the organizations for which they work. Planning, implementing and coping with change has been, and seems likely to remain, one of the main challenges facing managers, in both the private and public sectors, today. In manufacturing, banking, education and health care change is the norm. (Carnall, 2007) Managing change at the best of times is a challenge since it goes beyond the realms of logic and delves into the realms of perception. People are naturally inclined over centuries of conditioned behaviour to be comfortable in the present and any announcement of change makes them perceive new situations, new people, new places, and newer security issues. Once again, when man is asked to think outside his comfort zone, his first perceptions are mostly defensive and negative, hence managing change is a challenge. Managing change in a personal or family environment is difficult enough in light of changed equations, changed economic status, and changed relationships. However, there is rarely any competitiveness or a threat of economical or emotional security from ones near and dear ones. None the less, the two points mentioned in the earlier paragraph about man perceiving change negatively remain a challenge. The process of organizational change can be initiated deliberately by managers, it can evolve slowly within a department, it can be imposed by specific changes in policy or procedures, or it can arise through external pressures. Change can affect all aspects of the operation and functioning of the organization. Most planned organizational change is triggered by the need to respond to new challenges or opportunities presented by the external environment. Planned change represents an intentional attempt to improve, in some important way, the operational effectiveness of the organization. Thus, the basic objectives of managing organizational change are: Modifying the behavioural patterns of the members of the organizations Improving the ability of the organization to cope with changes in its environment. It is also important for management to understand the reasons for, and nature of, resistance and to adopt a clearly defined strategy for the initiation of change. The successful management of change is an increasingly important managerial responsibility. (Mullins, 2007) The merger and acquisition boom has brought change on its trail throughout industry and commerce. A major aspect of organizational change can be viewed in an acquisition. In order to understand this facet, I studied the case of an Indian company acquiring a UK one; the Tatas acquiring Jaguar Land Rover. Tata is seen to value its employees as much as its profits, and prides itself on equality and fair management. After a great deal of bidding and negotiations, the Tatas bought the earlier Ford owned Jaguar Land Rover, for a whopping USD 2.3 billion. Both the corporations entered into mutual agreements regarding various aspects such as support facilities like IT, design and development of the automobiles to keep the uniqueness intact. By studying this organizational change, I analysed and focused on, how smooth communication and understanding can lead to copying with resistance of any sorts. LITERATURE REVIEW The concept of organizational change is a wide change as opposed to small changes. Examples of wide change may include a change in a mission, restructuring operations, new technologies, mergers and acquisitions, re-engineering etc. change should not be done for the sake of change its a strategy to accomplish some overall goal. (www.managementhelp.org) Typically there are strong resistances to change. People are afraid of the unknown. Often there are conflicting goals in the organization. Organizations wide changes often go against the very values held dear by members of the organization. Thats why organizational change discusses needed changes in the cultural aspect of values and beliefs. Planned Organization Change Process:- (Behaviour Modification) Organizational change calls for a change in the individual behaviour of the employees. Any organizational change whether introduced through a new structural design or new technology attempts to make employees modify their behaviour because unless the behaviour patterns change, there will be very little impact on the effectiveness of the organization. Kurt Lewin came up with a three-phase process of behaviour modification to implement planned change. Change in Organization Requires Change in the behaviour of individuals Calls for Unfreezing Movement Refreezing (Ahmad, Gilkar and Darzi, 2008) Unfreezing The process of unfreezing is the toughest phase where one has to overcome the inertia of comfortable practices and complacency to convince others that the change is not just necessary but desirable too. Lewin believes that change should not come as a surprise to members of the organization, unannounced change would be socially destructive and opposed by the members. (Cole, 2005) The management must pave the way by unfreezing the situation, so that members would be willing and ready to accept the change. This way any resistance to change can also be neutralised. Movement Once the unfreezing process is complete and the members of the organization accept and recognize the requirement of change and have been fully prepared to accept the same, their behaviour patterns have to be redesigned. (Kumar and Mittal, 2002) This can be done by establishing new reporting relationships and creating reward/incentive systems.(Hunt Simms) The movement process involves development of new attitudes or behaviour and the implementation of the change. (Mullins, 2007) Refreezing Change or movement phase continues until a new balance is made between the forces driving and restraining change. Thus the aim of refreezing is to establish this balance at a higher level of performance. This is done by supporting mechanisms for example policies, structure or norms (Mullins, 2007:910) which positively reinforces the new ways of working. (Hunt Simms) During this phase, individuals internalize the new behaviour developed in the movement phase. Resistance to Change:- Change in an organization can have different responses. The most obvious one is resistance. Any change whether beneficial or superficial, is likely to meet some resistance which is usually from the people of the organization, especially if the present system favours them. Respect for individuals and communication are the basics required to help people adapt to change. (Hunt Simms) In a sense, resistance to change is positive. It provides a degree of stability and predictability to behaviour. If there is not some resistance, organizational behaviour would take on characteristics of chaotic randomness. (Ahmad, Gilkar and Darzi, 2008) Resistance to change can take many forms and it is often difficult to pinpoint the exact reasons for the resistance. The forces against change in work organizations include: ignoring the needs and expectations of members; when members have insufficient information about the nature of the change; or if they do not perceive the need to change. Fears may be expressed over matters such as employment levels and job security, de-skilling of work, loss of job satisfaction, wage rate differentials, changes to social structures and working conditions, loss of individual control over work, and greater management control. (Mullins, 2007 Resistance to change can be classified into two categories: Individual resistance Organizational resistance Reasons for individual resistance to change within organizations include the following: Selective perception: Peoples own interpretation of stimuli may lead to selective perception which further form a biased view of a particular situation, and thus cause resistance to change. For example, trade unions may have a stereotyped view of management as untrustworthy and therefore oppose any management change; however well founded might have been the intention. Habit: people tend react to situations in an accustomed manner. Proposed changes to habits, especially if the habits are well established and require little effort, may well be resisted. However, if there is a clearly perceived advantage, for example a reduction in working hours without loss of pay, there is likely to be less, if any, resistance to change. Inconvenience or loss of freedom: If the change is seen as likely to prove inconvenient, make life more difficult, reduce freedom of action or result in increased control, there will be resistance. Economic implications: People are likely to resist change which is perceived as reducing their pay or monetary rewards, requiring an increase in work for the same level of pay or acting as a threat to their job security. Security in the past: In times of difficulty or when faced with new or unfamiliar ideas and methods, people tend to reflect on their past to find a sense of security. For example, in bureaucratic organizations, officials often tend to place faith in well established procedures and methodologies and adhere to them as giving a feeling of security. Fear of the unknown: Many major changes in a work organization present a degree of uncertainty; for example, the introduction of new technology or methods of working. These changes which confront people with the unknown cause anxiety or fear. Reasons for organizational resistance to change within organizations include the following: Organisational culture: Culture is pervasive in nature, develops overtime and may not be easy to change. It has a significant effect on organizational processes and the behaviour of the staff. An ineffective culture may result in a lack of flexibility for, or acceptance, of change. Maintaining stability: Organizations pay much attention to maintaining stability and predictability. The need for formal organization structure and the division of work, narrow definitions of assigned duties and responsibilities, established rules, procedures and methods or work can result in resistance to change. Investment in resources: Change often requires large resources like buildings, technology, equipment and people, which may already be committed to investments in other areas or strategies. For example, a car manufacturer may not find it way to change to a socio-technical approach and the use of autonomous work groups because it cannot afford the cost of new purpose-built plant and specialised equipment. Past contracts or agreements: Organisations enter into contracts or agreements with other parties which many times limit changes in behaviour for example, organisations operating under a special licence or permit. Threats to power or influence: Change may be seen as a threat to the power or influence of certain groups within the organization, such as their control over decisions, resources or information. For example, managers may resist the introduction of quality circles or worker-directors because they see this as a threat to the power in their own positions. (Mullins, 2007) Managing organisational change: The successful management of change is clearly essential for continued economic performance and competitiveness. New ideas and innovations should not be perceived as threats by members of the organization. The efforts made by management to maintain the balance of the socio-technical system will influence peoples attitudes, the behaviour of individuals and groups, and thereby the level of organisational performance and effectiveness. (Mullins, 2008) Overcoming resistance to change A manger need not always be saddled with the task of change in organizations where resistance is strongly prevalent. There are some techniques which can assist him in overcoming resistance. But he should not underestimate the variety of ways people react to change and the ways they can positively influence specific individuals and groups during the change process. (Ahmad, Gilkar and Darzi, 2008) There are a number of ways in which resistance can be minimised. These have been developed from the ideas of Kotter and Schlesinger (1979) Education and Communication: Educating people and providing them with adequate information before the change takes place may not lessen resistance but should reduce the unnecessary stress. Managers should communicate their ideas via one-on-one discussions, presentations or reports, so that people understand the need of rand see the logic of the proposed change. Facilitation and support: If the proposed change is likely to mean changes in skills, time needs to be given for training and development. Managers need to provide all the support they can and lend an ear to their subordinates and their grievances. Negotiation and Agreement: It is possible to reduce resistance by offering incentives to active or potential resisters. Co-option: Another way to overcome resistance, obtain commitment and increase the quality of the change, in an individual or group is to give them a role with responsibility and status attached, in the implementation of the change. (Hunt Simms) Organizational Responses to Disruptive Change Christensen and Overdorf, identified three factors that affect organizational responses to different types of change and what an organization can and cannot do: resources access to abundant, high quality resources increases an organizations chances of coping with change processes the patterns of interaction, co-ordination, communication and decision-making employees use to transform resources into products and services. values the standards by which employees set priorities that enable them to judge whether an order is attractive, whether a customer is more or less important, whether an idea for a new product is attractive or marginal. There are three possible ways in which managers can develop new capabilities to cope with change: create new organizational structures within corporate boundaries in which new processes can be developed spin out an independent organization from the existing organization and develop new processes and values acquire a different organization whose processes and values match closely the new requirements. (Mullins, 2007) Actions to Secure Effective Change Kotter and Cohn list the following eight steps for successful large-scale change. Create a sense of urgency among relevant people, whatever the nature or size of the organization. Build a guiding team with the credibility, skills, connections, reputations and formal authority to provide change leadership. Create visions which are sensible, clear and uplifting, and sets of strategies. Communicate the vision and the strategy in order to induce understanding and commitment. Empower action and remove obstacles that stop people acting on the vision. Produce short-term wins that help to provide credibility, resources and momentum to the overall effort. Dont let up but maintain the momentum, consolidate early changes and create wave after wave of change Make change stick by nurturing a new culture, and developing group norms of behaviour and shared values. (Mullins, 2007) A Chosen Case : Tatas acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover Allow me to illustrate- In an economics class, some students felt that capitalism has negative connotations leading to disparities in society and hence socialism is a better option. The economics class teacher threw change in the direction of the students by offering an average gradation to all students ala socialism. At the end of the first test the students were all given B which was the cumulative average of the class. The students who usually did well did not find this change acceptable as their As became Bs and so in the next test the good students made lesser effort and the poorer students hoped that the performance of the good students will keep their grade at B. But in the second test, since the good students had made lesser effort the average of the class fell down to C and this made everybody unhappy with change and fulfilled the innate human belief that change is negative and bad. Arising from the above example, it becomes obvious that the change agent must not only have a powerfully beneficial idea but also have plans, programs, initiatives and good communication to help overcome the known and existing devil of negative perception to change in the human mind. Its in the above context that we assess how the new owners of the legendary Jaguar and Land Rover dealt with the organizational change in light of the ownership transferring to the Indian industrial giant-the house of Tatas. Tata Motors is Indias largest automobile company, with revenues of US$ 8.8 billion in 2007-08. With over 4 million Tata vehicles plying in India, it is the leader in commercial vehicles and among the top three in passenger vehicles. It is also the worlds fourth largest truck manufacturer and the second largest bus manufacturer. Tata cars, buses and trucks are being marketed in several countries in Europe, Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, South East Asia and South America. Through subsidiaries and associate companies, Tata Motors has operations in South Korea, Thailand and Spain. It also has a strategic alliance with Fiat. (www.tatamotors.com) In January 2008, Tata was named the prime bidder for the upscale Jaguar and Land Rover units besting two other finalists, Indian automaker Mahindra Mahindra Ltd. and US private equity firm One Equity Partners LLC. On March 26th, 2008, Tata Motors announced its acquisition of the Jaguar-Land Rover businesses from Ford Motor Company for a net consideration of US$ 2.3 billion on a cash free, debt-free basis. The final purchase consideration includes the ownership of Jaguar and Land Rover or perpetual royalty-free licences of all necessary Intellectual Property Rights, manufacturing plants, two advanced design centres in the UK, and worldwide network of National Sales Companies. Ford completed the sale of its Jaguar and Land Rover businesses to the Indian multinational Tata on the 2nd of June, 2008. Tata Motors established that Mr. David Smith, the acting Chief Executive Officer of Jaguar Land Rover, would be the new CEO of the business. (www.expressindia.com) Long term agreements and contracts have been entered into for supply of engines, stampings and other components to Jaguar Land Rover. Other areas of transition support from Ford include IT, accounting and access to test facilities. The two companies will continue to cooperate in areas such as design and development through sharing of platforms and joint development of hybrid technologies and power train engineering. The Ford Motor Credit Company will continue to provide financing for Jaguar Land Rover dealers and customers for a transition period. (www.tatamotors.com) Britains traditionally feisty and combative trade unions, cheered Tatas purchase of Jaguar-Land Rover. The top bosses of Unite, the UKs largest trades union called this acquisition real good news for the UK automotive industry because according to them Tatas are into making cars, not just money. Tata also promised that including retaining jobs and existing employee contracts for at least the next 5 years as well as putting money into J-LR to grow the business. Tata recognised the Britishness of the two brands and have no intention of closing any plants in the UK. In fact they are committed that after 2011, all the Jaguar Land Rover products will still be designed and manufactured in the UK. (www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com) The purchase agreement was seen by trade unions as safeguarding jobs in the UK for two reasons. First , Tata committed to follow an existing five-year plan to invest in and develop the car manufacturing businesses. Jaguar and Rover employ just under 16,000 people, most of them in the Midlands and at Halewood near Liverpool. Also, Tata is contracted to buy engines and other parts from Ford until at least 2012, which should protect employment at Fords plants in Dagenham and Bridgend. As of now, Tata has no plans to relocate manufacturing capacity to low-cost India. Instead it appears to see the purchase of Land Rover and Jaguar as a route into the middle to top end of the global motorcar market. Ford also reassured employees of Jaguar and Land Rover that they will face no financial risks from the takeover and that their pensions are safe because it will inject  £300 million into their pension scheme, to eliminate any deficit. (www.bbc.co.uk) DISCUSSION The Tata deal is known to be one of the most ambitious purchases of a British based manufacturer, by any company from the fast emerging economies of Asia. It is considered to be a momentous time for all at the Tata Corporation. The announcement of Tatas acquisition created many unusual challenges including cultural, financial, industrial and communication challenges. But, the Tatas managed this situation thoroughly and coped with any resistance they faced from the employees or the company really well. An advantage: Tatas had an edge as they had very recently acquired the steel producer Corus Steel. This gave them an upper hand over the rest of the bidders as they had enough knowledge concerning the laws, mind set, unions, heritage, business culture etc which helped them understand the British environment better than the rest. Pre Soaking the government: Tatas also did a very wise thing by approaching the government of the United Kingdom before the final bidding. They pre-soaked the government and most rightly convinced them about the acquisition which helped them out with understanding the scenario in the country. Education and Communication: Information is the life blood of any organisation and the way in which any idea is communicated can make a difference between a productive and committed workforce and one that is sceptical and unreceptive. Tatas took extreme care in their communication, initial interaction, minimal disturbance to operating practices to ensure that they had enough time to understand the national and corporate culture at Jaguar Land Rover. This also made the Jaguar Land Rovers management and staff secure about their job and financial security and thus provided them with the conviction to protect them both. Retaining many officials: A judicious decision which the Tata Corporation took was to retain the chief executive officer and many other top level management of Jaguar Land Rover. This made it easier and convenient for the Tatas to transmit important information and communicate effectively through the employees own credible leaders. Thus the workforce was more receptive to any decision or conclusion arrived at than that was expected to be. Negotiations and Agreements: Corporate values must be understood, respected and appreciated while entering into such propositions. This is essential to ensure that the merged organisation is run to the new organizational culture that they have jointly created. Tata entered into long term agreements for supply of engines, stamping and other components of Jaguar Land Rover. Both, Ford and Tata will continue to cooperate in different areas like design and development. This motivated and provided incentive to the company and its employees and thus Tatas avoided any resistance in this area. Facilitation and Support: Different perceptions of time was a particular challenge for both Jaguar Land Rover and Tatas. Indians usually take more time than the Brits to meet and interact with employees at all levels and develop relationships. This on the whole conflicted with the approach of the Brits who paid greater importance to things being done quickly and relationships can wait for later. The Tatas built excellent relationships with the management and the company. They took one step at a time. They have even agreed to keep intact the plants in the UK and committed further that the designing and manufacturing will be based there as well. Co-option: Including and involving the present employees of Jaguar Land Rover is an extremely important area which needed to be targeted. This is mainly so that the employees feel a part of the proposition and refrain from any sort of resistance to the acquisition. Thus from the above derived points and discussions, it is evident that the Tatas coped with resistance to change very well. There were no major problems that they faced regarding resistance and in fact were cheered by the employees for their entire proposal. The complete catch in the whole acquisition is time. All that the corporate world, specifically which of India and the United Kingdom needs to do is to wait and watch. It is with time that one will know how successful or unsuccessful this proposition of Mr. Ratan Tata (Chairman of the Tata group) will be. CONCLUSION A broad recommendation that I want to touch upon is that there is an enormous need for an organisational behaviour division in all corporations. Organisational change is not an easy task. It is serious business and may be one of the most risky decision making processes which no organisation can avoid either. The main aspect of change is faced and resisted by people ranging from the ones working in the organisation, running it or may be even the ones outside it. Thus the facet that organisational change impacts the most is organisational behaviour. It may be said that the human resource department can handle such deeds. But, in my opinion a human resource department looks into and understands matters of people of one particular country or culture. With the emerging multicultural, multi-geographical and multi-country mergers, acquisitions and joint ventures, it is of crucial need to start an organizational behaviour division which handles these features of organisational change to secu re the financial health and reputation of a company. To conclude, I feel that steps should be taken to ensure that the human element is not ignored in the acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover because at the end of the day it is the combined effort of each employee that will have the biggest impact on the booming outcome of this acquisition. This can be done by watchfully selecting potential leaders in the organisation to help carry out and communicate the necessary changes to all other employees as this will subsequently help ensure they feel cared for. It is exceptionally necessary that the Tatas take out time to understand and appreciate the impact of a changing organizational culture on its employees and at the same time, recognize the challenge of bringing together both the national cultures or else the company will risk a lot at stake. With estimates signifying that as many as 80% of international and cross cultural mergers and acquisitions fail, it is only two years down the line in 2012 when all the agreement and contracts entered into by both the companies end, that we would have known whether Mr. Tatas team in spite of the unforeseen global economic downturn were able to achieve a smooth organizational change and manage it with à ©lan or were they 8 of the 10 that fail. To summarize, I began my essay with a brief introduction on managing organizational change and my specific case to illustrate the theme of the paper. This was followed by deeply understanding the main theories and points supporting managing change in the literature review section, where I focused mainly on resistance to change and different ways to cope with it. I then brought forward the case of Tatas acquiring Jaguar Land Rover and discussed the basic facts and information of the acquisition which led me to the discussion section. I pointed out various ways by which Tatas coped with resistance of any kinds and on paper seemed like one of the most perfect acquisitions. In conclusion, I further gave in some of my recommendations to support the case and of what I felt was the need of the hour. REFERNECES Ahmad, Gilkar and Darzi (2008) Organisational Behaviour Atlantic Publishers Distributors Carnall, A.C. (2007) Managing Change in Organizations 5th ed. Essex: Prentice Hall Cole, G. A. (2005), Organisational Behaviour Cornwall : Thompson Learning Hunt, M. S. Simms, H. Organisational Behaviour and Change Management Kumar, N. and Mittal, R. (2002) Organisational Behaviour New Delhi : Anmol Publishers Mullins, L.J. (2007) Management and Organisational Behaviour 7th ed. Essex : Prentice Hall Mullins, L.J. (2008) Essentials of Organizational Behaviour 8th ed. Pearson Education Saiyadain, M.S. (2003) Organisational Behaviour New York : Tata McGraw-Hill www.bbc.co.uk Available at [http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/robertpeston/2008/03/tata_and_british_jobs.html] Accessed on 2/01/2010 www.brainyquotes.com www.expressindia.com Available at [http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/Ford-Tata-closing-in-on-Jaguar-deal/267399/] Accessed on 1/01/2010 www.managementhelp.org Available at [http://managementhelp.org/mgmnt/orgchnge.htm] Accessed on 30/12/2009 www.tatamotors.com Available at [http://tatamotors.com/our_world/press_releases.php?ID=370action=Pull] Accessed on 1/01/2010 www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com Available at [http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/specials/Three-cheers-for-Tata-Britains-trade-unions/articleshow/2911159.cms] Accessed on 1/01/2010

Eulogy for Grandmother :: Eulogies Eulogy

Eulogy for Grandmother I believe that every person in, in their own unique way, creates a legacy in their lifetime by which others can live long after that person has left us. For those of us who remain, Mildred Johnson has truly created a legacy to uphold and fulfill in our daily lives. I firmly believe that this carrying out is a true honor and responsibility by means of the various facets that Mildred has made her own. Love : Above all, Mildred Johnson is a figure of unconditional love. Love was the major fabric by which she created her tapestry of life. In the raising of her own children, the teachings of her grandchildren, and in how she welcomed in new family and friends, her unconditional strong love is what has made our family what it is today and what will keep us together from this day forward. Spirit : My Grandma, Mildred Johnson, is a true woman of faith. For as far back as I can remember, my Grandma has been a conveyor of the word of God in developing her family and living her daily life. Never would she miss a Sunday to share the word and love of God. As time moves forward not all of God’s children remain strong enough as before to lead his flock. Nor can all of God’s choir continue to sing quite as loudly as they always have. This is the time when the Lord takes them into his hands to rest their souls as he has now done with Mildred. Make no mistake, however, as the legacy of spirit that she has created in all of us will continue to live on. Family : My Grandmother Mildred truly defined the word family as I have come to learn and live it. Holidays and family gatherings were the celebrations they were because they were surrounded by Grandma’s love. I watched family such as my late uncle Reginald become the amazing family man he was because of traditions instilled by his mother. I have also seen her daughter - my aunt Milinda – raise three beautiful children by the love and traditions passed down from Grandma. I, of course, owe most of who I am from Grandma’s love passed down through my own mother Rayetta and her husband George, whom Grandma so highly regarded.

Okonkwo Essay

Some regard the arts as having an extra-artistic cognitive function, that they have a message about man’s place in the world which might have social or political implications. For example, there might be a case for supposing that the arts have an important function as a medium for social criticism and transformation. In any case, there is a widespread belief that the arts have a higher purpose to educate by encouraging introspection and sometimes making us think about how we should live our lives. Two heads are better than one. Learning nd working in groups involves shared or learned values, resources, and ways of doing things. Group projects can reinforce skills that are relevant to both group and individual work, including the ability to: break task into parts, plan and manage time and gain communication skills. What strategies were used? Many of my classmates including myself would have preferred to work on this project individually, however every now and then â€Å"more hands make for lighter work†. When my partner and I got together to begin our project we had decided to split the project in half. Same an equal amount of work. I wouldn’t say we used and specific strategies to begin the Mexican Revolution project. We did however follow the some of the guidelines of the design cycle to begin which included: plan, investigate, design and create. What knowledge was acquired? Because my partner had so much knowledge of the Mexican Revolution, she was able to help me clearly understand/clarify certain things that had occurred that I was uncertain of. Because we had to do some research on our own I gained more on the revolution, to the porfiriato era where porfito Diaz himself introduced railroads, to ow important the constitution was for the people. What skills were utilized and developed? Group projects can also help students develop skills to collaborative efforts, allowing students such as myself to: delegate roles and responsibilities, share perspectives, knowledge and skills, hold one another and be held accountable. (We were able to use pervious knowledge from class and what we have been taught to be able to complete the project. I was able to develop and gain more knowledge of the Mexican revolution because of my partners knowledge. ) What will be done ditterently in the tuture? A lot of things will be done differently in the future. Time management of course. We ended up doing it the same week it was due which caused some stress on each of us individually. Although we completed out project in time I would have liked to have started planning the week she told us Just to have had a head start and know what we were doing then actually doing it last minute and not really knowing what we were going to do. Even if we decided to split the work, I would have wanted to still worked together since it was a group project. But above all, it was a great experience working with another individual. 378